1 He also came to Derbe and to Lystra. A disciple named Timothy was there, the son of a Jewish woman who was a believer, but whose father was a Greek.2 The brothers in Lystra and Iconium spoke well of him.3 Paul wanted Timothy to accompany him, and he took him and circumcised him because of the Jews who were in those places, for they all knew that his father was Greek.4 As they went through the towns, they passed on the decrees that had been decided on by the apostles and elders in Jerusalem for the Gentile believers to obey.5 So the churches were being strengthened in the faith and were increasing in number every day.
- Paul revisits churches established on his first missionary journey (Acts 14).
- Timothy, a young believer with a mixed Jewish-Greek heritage, is introduced. His mother Eunice and grandmother Lois are mentioned as believers in 2 Timothy 1:5.
- Timothy's good reputation among believers highlights the importance of character in ministry selection (Acts 16:2).
- Paul circumcises Timothy, not for salvation, but to remove a potential barrier to evangelizing Jews (Acts 16:3). This demonstrates Paul's principle of becoming "all things to all people" (1 Corinthians 9:19-23) and contrasts with his refusal to circumcise Titus, a Gentile (Galatians 2:3-5), showing context matters.
- This decision follows the Jerusalem Council (Acts 15), which determined circumcision was not required for Gentile salvation. Paul's action here is about missional strategy, not legal requirement.
- They disseminated the Jerusalem Council's decree, clarifying the relationship between Jewish law and Gentile believers (Acts 16:4).
- The result of clear teaching and committed ministry was the strengthening and numerical growth of the churches (Acts 16:5), demonstrating the importance of both sound doctrine and outreach.